Inaugural Address
We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end
as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. For I have sworn before you
and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and
three-quarters ago.
The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish
all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary
belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe, the belief that
the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.
We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go
forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to
a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a
hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit
the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed,
and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price,
bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the
survival and the success of liberty.
This much we pledge--and more.
To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty
of faithful friends. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative
ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at
odds and split asunder.
To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that
one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far
more iron tyranny. We shall not always except to find them supporting our view. But we
shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom, and to remember
that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended
up inside.
To those people in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds
of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever
period is required, not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek
their votes, but because it is right. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor,
it cannot save the few who are rich.
To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge: to convert our
good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free man and free
governments in casting off the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution of hope
cannot become the prey of hostile powers. Let all our neighbors know that we shall join
with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every
other power know that this hemispher intends to remain the master of its own house.
To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an
age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our
pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen
its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.
Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge
but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of
destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-
destruction.
We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt
can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be emplyed.
But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present
course--both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the
steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of
terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.
So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness,
and sincerity is always subject to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us
never fear to negotiate.
Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which
divide us.
Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the
inspection and control of arms and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under
the absolute control of all nations.
Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Together
let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and
encourage the arts and commerce.
Let both side unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah to "undo
the heavy burdens... and let the oppressed go free".
And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides
join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law,
where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved.
All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor will it be finished in
the first one thousand days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in
our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin.
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or
failure of our course. Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has
been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans
who answered the call to service surround the globe.
Now the trumpet summons us again--not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need;
not as a call to battle, though embattled we are; but a call to bear the burden of a long
twilight struggle, year in and year out, "rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation", a
struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East
and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in the
historic effort?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of
defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility;
I welcome it. I do not belive that any of us would exchange places with any other people
or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this
endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that first can
truly light the world.
And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can
do for your country.
My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together
we can do for the freedom of man.
Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here
the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good
conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go
forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here
on earth God's work must truly be our own.
as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. For I have sworn before you
and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and
three-quarters ago.
The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish
all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary
belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe, the belief that
the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.
We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go
forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to
a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a
hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit
the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed,
and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price,
bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the
survival and the success of liberty.
This much we pledge--and more.
To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty
of faithful friends. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative
ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at
odds and split asunder.
To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that
one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far
more iron tyranny. We shall not always except to find them supporting our view. But we
shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom, and to remember
that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended
up inside.
To those people in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds
of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever
period is required, not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek
their votes, but because it is right. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor,
it cannot save the few who are rich.
To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge: to convert our
good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free man and free
governments in casting off the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution of hope
cannot become the prey of hostile powers. Let all our neighbors know that we shall join
with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every
other power know that this hemispher intends to remain the master of its own house.
To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an
age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our
pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen
its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.
Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge
but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of
destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-
destruction.
We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt
can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be emplyed.
But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present
course--both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the
steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of
terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.
So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness,
and sincerity is always subject to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us
never fear to negotiate.
Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which
divide us.
Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the
inspection and control of arms and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under
the absolute control of all nations.
Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Together
let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and
encourage the arts and commerce.
Let both side unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah to "undo
the heavy burdens... and let the oppressed go free".
And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides
join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law,
where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved.
All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor will it be finished in
the first one thousand days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in
our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin.
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or
failure of our course. Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has
been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans
who answered the call to service surround the globe.
Now the trumpet summons us again--not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need;
not as a call to battle, though embattled we are; but a call to bear the burden of a long
twilight struggle, year in and year out, "rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation", a
struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself.
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East
and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in the
historic effort?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of
defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility;
I welcome it. I do not belive that any of us would exchange places with any other people
or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this
endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that first can
truly light the world.
And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can
do for your country.
My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together
we can do for the freedom of man.
Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here
the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good
conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go
forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here
on earth God's work must truly be our own.
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